Microplastics – A Silent Threat and How to Fight It
Microplastics – A Silent Threat and How to Fight It
What are microplastics?
Microplastics are microscopic plastic particles less than 5 mm in size that are formed by the breakdown of larger plastic objects. This process can occur due to UV light, mechanical abrasion and other chemical and physical processes. Microplastics can also come directly from consumer products, such as cosmetic scrubs containing plastic microbeads, clothing made from synthetic fibres that lose microfibres when washed, or from plastic pellets used in industry, known as nurdles. Despite their small size, microplastics have a huge impact on the environment and human health. Their small size means that they easily penetrate aquatic ecosystems, soil and even the atmosphere, increasing the risk of their widespread spread and permanent presence in the environment.
Environmental impact of microplastics
Microplastics pose a serious threat to ecosystems, especially aquatic ones. In oceans, rivers and lakes, they are often mistaken for food by marine organisms such as fish, crustaceans and birds, which can lead to serious health consequences. Ingestion of microplastics by animals can cause mechanical damage to internal organs, such as intestinal perforations, and disruption of the digestive system, which can result in reduced food intake and emaciation. In addition, microplastics can adsorb various toxic chemicals on their surface, such as pesticides or heavy metals, which increases their toxicity. Microplastics can also act as carriers of pathogens, increasing the risk of disease in marine animal populations. This problem is not limited to aquatic environments, as microplastics can also enter the soil, where they affect the health of microorganisms and plants.
Impact on human health
Microplastics that enter the food chain also pose a potential threat to human health. They have been detected in a wide range of food products, such as fish, seafood, sea salt, as well as in drinking water and air. There is therefore a risk that microplastics may be consumed regularly by humans, although their long-term health effects are not yet fully understood. However, there are concerns that they may lead to inflammation in the body, allergic reactions, endocrine disruption due to endocrine active chemicals adsorbed on the surface of microplastics, as well as other health problems. In addition, microplastics have the potential to act as carriers of pathogens and toxins, posing an additional public health risk. Research on the effects of microplastics on human health is still at an early stage, but a growing body of evidence points to the need for action to reduce their presence in the environment.
How to combat the problem of microplastics?
Combating microplastics requires a multi-pronged approach. This includes reducing the production and use of single-use plastics, promoting biodegradable alternatives, and introducing stricter waste management regulations. Educating consumers about the environmental impact of plastics is also key, as greater awareness can lead to more responsible purchasing choices.
Companies can also play an important role by moving towards more sustainable production and packaging practices. Investing in the research and development of new materials that are environmentally safe is another step towards reducing the microplastics problem.
Is it worth cleaning plastic from the environment?
It is definitely worth cleaning green spaces of larger pieces of plastic to counteract the formation of microplastics. Larger pieces of plastic left in the environment break down over time into smaller particles, including microplastics. This process is accelerated by factors such as UV radiation, wind, water and micro-organisms. Removing larger plastic waste prevents fragmentation and reduces the amount of microplastics in ecosystems. In addition, larger pieces of plastic can be dangerous for animals that may accidentally ingest them or become entangled in them. Plastic pollution can also affect the health of plants, which can absorb the chemicals released by decomposing plastic. Clean green spaces are more welcoming and attractive to residents and tourists. Regular cleaning contributes to maintaining the aesthetics of these places, which in turn can support local tourism and recreation. Participation in green space clean-up campaigns raises public awareness of the problem of plastic pollution and its effects. As a result, people become more aware of their daily choices regarding the use and disposal of plastics. In addition, plastic from green spaces can enter rivers, lakes and oceans, especially during rains. Disposing of plastic waste at an early stage prevents further pollution of aquatic ecosystems, which are particularly vulnerable to the microplastics problem.
Join the forest clean-up campaign with the One More Tree Foundation
One practical way to combat plastic pollution is to participate in clean-up actions organised by the One More Tree Foundation. The foundation regularly organises events where volunteers can come together to clean up forests, beaches and other natural areas, removing plastic waste from them. Participation in such actions is not only an opportunity to directly support environmental protection, but also a chance to educate and create awareness among participants. Anyone who wants to contribute to nature conservation is welcome – it’s a small step that, when combined with the actions of others, can make a significant difference. We invite you to get involved and support this important initiative!
